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Sinti and Roma in Italy face racist problems not only around Naples, but also around the capital of Italy. In recent elections right – wing parties and the chancellor Silvio Berlusconi were designated, and people additionally voted for a right – wing major called Alemanno in Rome. As a result, migrants from Europe and approximately 160 000 Roma and Sinti are planned to be expelled from Italy. So called legal and illegal settlements were destroyed by the public. This stigmatizing of migrants was criticized by the OSCE, recently (arte.tv; Die Welt; Bieler Tagblatt; Kurier). Human Rights Watch warned already in November 2007 of rapid expulsions, and made clear, that the Italian government infringes Human Rights (HRW Italy).
Last update: 29-07-2009 18:24
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| Marcel Griaule (1898 – 1956) |
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Marcel Griaule was born 1898 in Aisy – sur – Armacon in France. In 1917, he left the Lycee for his profession in aviation and stayed with the military until 1920. Griaule studied ethnology hearing Marcel Mauss s lectures, “[…] he had a definite enthusiasm for fieldwork, which he promoted as a scientific form of travel and exploration and as a sort of adventure that was also represented by his experiences as an aviator […] ” (Parkin 2005: 202). In 1927, he finished his studies in Amharian and Gueze with a diploma, and with Marcel Larget he travelled to Ethiopia for a year, collecting artifacts and fieldworking. In the 1930ies, Griaule led the Dakar – to – Djibouti expedition, the Sahara – Sudan and Sahara – Cameroon missions. Due to his publications about the Masques Dogons (Dogon Masks) and the Jeux Dogons (Dogon Games) his doctoral degree was conferred. He was the first professor of general anthropology at the Sorbonne by 1943, after he acquired his diploma in religious sciences.
Last update: 29-07-2009 18:26
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| Marcel Mauss (1872 - 1950) |
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Marcel Mauss was born to Emile Durkheim s elder sister in Epinal 1872. He was Durkheim s nephew, and his uncle was his first mentor. Mauss studied Philosophy, the History and Sociology of Religions and with his uncle he went to Paris in 1902. He taught religion of the “noncivilized” people at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, later on at the newly found Institute d Ethnologie and the College de France. “In his youth Mauss associated with C. Peguy, P. Janet, L. Levy – Bruhl and J. Jaures. He played an important role in founding the newspaper L Humanite and was active in radical circles and as a Dreyfusard” (Gaillard 2004: 90). Robert Parkin refers to Marcel Mauss as a scientist by mentioning, that he trained Claude Levi – Strauss and Louis Dumont.
Last update: 29-07-2009 18:28
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